Stratovolcanoes

Pico de Orizaba

Pico de Orizaba (Mexico) is a stratovolcano. It rises to 5,564 m above sea level. The GVP records 23 confirmed eruptions in the Holocene, the latest in 1846.

Elevation
5,564 m
Last eruption
1846
Confirmed eruptions
23
Max VEI
5
Country
Mexico
Location
19.03° N, 97.27° W
Region (GVP)
Trans-Mexican Volcanic Arc
GVP type
Stratovolcano
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Main rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite

Show on the timeline GVP entry ↗

Other volcanoes and strong earthquakes within 300 km

Eruption history

VEI – Volcanic Explosivity Index: 0 = lava outpouring, 4 = like Eyjafjallajökull 2010, 6 = like Pinatubo 1991, 7 = like Tambora 1815. The scale is logarithmic – each step is about 10 times more material.

StartEndVEIVent and dating
2 July 1846 — 2 Observations: Reported
1687 — 2 Observations: Reported
1613 — 0 Observations: Reported
1569 1589 2 Observations: Reported
1566 — 2 Observations: Reported
1545 1555 2 Observations: Reported
1260 ± 50 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
1175 — 3 Correlation: Anthropology
220 ± 75 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
140 ± 50 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
90 ± 40 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
40 ± 40 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
780 BCE ± 60 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
1,500 BCE ± 75 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
2,110 BCE ± 100 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
2,300 BCE ± 75 years — 4 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
2,500 BCE ± 75 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
2,780 BCE ± 75 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
4,690 BCE ± 300 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
6,220 BCE ± 75 years — 3 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
6,710 BCE ± 150 years — 5 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
7,030 BCE ± 50 years — 4 Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
7,530 BCE ± 40 years — ? Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

Data: Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution (#341100)